Nr. 1
Harvesting
Hemp plants are ready for harvest in about 4 to 5 months after planting. The timing is crucial to ensure the fibers are at their peak quality. Harvesting involves cutting the stalks of the hemp plants close to the ground.
Nr. 2
Retting
After harvesting, the hemp stalks undergo a process called retting. Retting is the natural decomposition of the pectin, which binds the fibers to the woody core of the plant. This can be done through two main methods. “Dew Retting”: The hemp stalks are spread on the field and left to be exposed to dew, rain, and sunlight. This process takes several weeks and helps break down the pectin, allowing the fibers to be separated from the woody core. Or “Water Retting”: Alternatively, the stalks can be submerged in water, either in ponds or running water like rivers, for a few days or weeks. Bacteria and microorganisms in the water break down the pectin, loosening the fibers.
Nr. 3
Separation of Fibers
After retting, the hemp stalks are dried to remove excess moisture. The dried stalks are then mechanically beaten or crushed to separate the fibers from the woody core. This process is known as decortication.
Nr. 4
Scutching
Scutching is the process of removing the remaining woody shives from the hemp fibers. It involves beating the fibers further to free them from the non-fibrous materials.
Nr. 5
Hackling
The fibers are then hackled, which involves combing them through fine-toothed combs to remove any remaining impurities and to align the fibers in a parallel fashion.
Nr. 6
Spinning
Once the fibers are clean and aligned, they can be spun into yarn using traditional spinning techniques or modern machinery.
Nr. 7
Weaving/Knitting
The hemp yarn is woven or knitted into fabric. Different weaving patterns can create various types of hemp fabric, ranging from lightweight and breathable to denser and more durable.
Nr. 8
Dyeing and Finishing
The hemp fabric may undergo dyeing to achieve the desired colors or patterns. After dyeing, the fabric is finished, which involves processes like washing, softening, and possibly adding other finishes for specific characteristics.
Nr. 9
Manufacturing
Finally, the hemp fabric is cut and sewn into various clothing items, such as shirts, pants, dresses, and more.